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Immigration Law

Iowa immigration law making illegal reentry a misdemeanor blocked by 8th Circuit

By Debra Cassens Weiss

January 29, 2025, 9:35 am CST

Iowa can’t enforce a law making it a crime for immigrants to be in the state if they reentered the country illegally after formerly being denied entry or ordered deported, a federal appeals court has ruled.

The 8th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals at St. Louis affirmed a preliminary injunction preventing the law from taking effect in a Jan. 24 opinion.

The law makes violations an aggravated misdemeanor and requires judges to order convicted immigrants to return to the foreign nation from which they entered or attempted to enter the United States.

U.S. District Judge Stephen H. Locher of the Southern District of Iowa had agreed with the Biden administration that the law is likely preempted by federal law.

In an opinion by Judge Duane Benton, the 8th Circuit affirmed.

The Iowa law is “an obstacle to the exercise of the discretion that Congress gives to federal officials charged with enforcing federal immigration law,” the 8th Circuit said. “Decisions about the removal of illegal aliens ‘touch on foreign relations and must be made with one voice,’” wrote Benton, quoting a former U.S. Supreme Court decision.

Benton is an appointee of former President George W. Bush. Other panel members are Judge Jonathan A. Kobes, an appointee of President Donald Trump during his first term, and Senior Judge Morris S. Arnold, an appointee of former President George H.W. Bush.

The decision “may not be the final word,” the New York Times reports. “The panel’s preliminary ruling could be appealed, and the case has yet to go to trial on its merits at the district court. The U.S. Supreme Court could ultimately consider the question of whether states can enforce their own immigration laws, in a challenge to either the Iowa law or to similar measures passed in Louisiana, Oklahoma and Texas.”

Publications covering the order, besides the New York Times, include Courthouse News Service, Law360, the Iowa Capital Dispatch and the Des Moines Register.

The American Immigration Council and the American Civil Liberties Union, which represented an immigration legal services group also challenging the law, issued joint press releases (here and here).

The case is United States v. Iowa.

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3. Who may be on Trump’s Supreme Court short…

U.S. Supreme Court

Who may be on Trump’s Supreme Court short list? Senate win aids judicial picks

By Debra Cassens Weiss

November 6, 2024, 3:12 pm CST

President-elect Donald Trump could get a chance to appoint two U.S. Supreme Court justices if Justice Clarence Thomas, 76, and Justice Samuel Alito, 74, decide to retire.

“With two more appointees,” Law360 reports, “Trump could single-handedly cement the Supreme Court’s conservative supermajority for decades to come.”

These judges and lawyers are potential nominees, according to Law360, an op-ed in the New York Times by the editor of a liberal blog, Fox News and a Bloomberg Law story on potential Asian American and Pacific Islander picks.

  • Judge Stuart Kyle Duncan, the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in New Orleans. He is the former general counsel for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty. He was in the news in January 2020 for an opinion in which he refused to refer to a transgender inmate by her preferred female pronouns. (Law360, Fox News, the New York Times)

  • Judge Andrew S. Oldham, the 5th Circuit at New Orleans. He is former general counsel for Republican Texas Gov. Greg Abbot. (Law360, Fox News)

  • Judge James C. Ho, the 5th Circuit at New Orleans. He is a former Texas solicitor general. In 2022, he said he won’t be hiring future Yale Law School grads as clerks because the university cancels conservative views. (Law360, Fox News, the New York Times, Bloomberg Law)

  • Judge Amul Thapar, the 6th Circuit at Cincinnati. He is a former Williams & Connolly lawyer. He has suggested that conservatives withhold donations to law schools that don’t teach originalism. (Law360, Fox News, Bloomberg Law)

  • Judge Joan Larsen, the 6th Circuit at Cincinnati. She was formerly a Michigan Supreme Court justice. (Fox News)

  • Judge Gregory G. Katsas, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. He is a former Jones Day lawyer and a former deputy counsel in the Trump White House. (Law360, Fox News)

  • Judge Neomi Rao, the D.C. Circuit. She was the administrator for the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the Trump administration. (Fox News, Bloomberg Law)

  • Judge Lawrence VanDyke, the 9th Circuit at San Francisco. He is a former Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher lawyer and a former solicitor general in Nevada and Montana. He received a “not qualified” rating by the ABA Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary, which cited an “entitlement temperament.” (Law360, Fox News, the New York Times)

  • Judge Patrick Bumatay, the 9th Circuit at San Francisco. He was the first openly gay judge to serve on the 9th Circuit. (Bloomberg Law)

  • Judge Kenneth Lee, the 9th Circuit at San Francisco. He wrote an opinion finding that a ban on gun advertising that appeals to minors was likely unconstitutional. (Bloomberg Law)

  • Judge Barbara Lagoa, the 11th Circuit at Atlanta. She is a former Florida Supreme Court justice and former Greenberg Traurig lawyer. (Fox News)

  • Judge Britt Grant, the 11th Circuit at Atlanta. She is a former Georgia Supreme Court justice. (Fox News)

  • Judge Kevin Newsom, the 11th Circuit at Atlanta. He was formerly the Alabama solicitor general. (Fox News)

  • Judge Michael Park, the 2nd Circuit at New York. He formerly was a lawyer at Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr; Dechert; and Consovoy McCarthy Park. (Bloomberg Law)

  • Judge David Stras, the 8th Circuit St. Louis. He is a former Minnesota Supreme Court justice. (Fox News)

  • Judge Allison Jones Rushing, the 4th Circuit at Richmond, Virginia. She was a Williams & Connolly lawyer. (Fox News)

  • Kate Comerford Todd, a former deputy counsel in the Trump White House. (Fox News)

  • U.S. District Judge Aileen M. Cannon, the Southern District of Florida. She dismissed the classified documents case against Trump. (Law360)

  • U.S. District Judge Patrick Wyrick, the Western District of Oklahoma. He was formerly an Oklahoma Supreme Court justice. (Fox News)

  • Kristen Waggoner, CEO and general counsel at Alliance Defending Freedom. (Law360, Fox News, the New York Times)

  • Republican U.S. Sen. Tom Cotton of Arkansas. (Fox News)

  • Republican Sen. Mike Lee of Utah. (Fox News)

  • Morse Tan, the former dean of the Liberty University School of Law, who is now the senior executive director of Liberty University’s Center for Law & Government. (Bloomberg Law, the New York Times)

  • Former North Carolina Supreme Court Chief Justice Mark Martin, founding dean of High Point University’s law school. (The New York Times)

Confirmation of Trump’s judicial nominees will be easier when Republicans take control of the U.S. Senate, Law360 reports.

Republican Sen. Charles Grassley of Iowa intends to reclaim his position as chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee that will consider Trump’s choices, a Grassley spokesperson told Law360.